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__NOTOC__ Leopold Jakob Jehuda Treitel (3 January 1845 – 4 March 1931) was a German Jewish classical scholar in the late 19th and early 20th century, and the last rabbi of the Jewish community in the town of Laupheim, then Württemberg, Southern Germany. == Life == Leopold Treitel's father Joseph (originally Josephson) (1816 – 1886 ) was born in Wronke (now Wronki), in the Prussian province of Posen, and later moved to Breslau in the Prussian province of Silesia to become a leather merchant. In 1843, Joseph Treitel married Johanna Falk (1818 – 1874), daughter of the famous rabbi Jacob Jehuda Löbel Falk of Dyhernfurth. Jacob Jehuda Löbel Falk was a distinguished Talmud scholar, and later became ''dayan'' (religious judge) in Breslau. Together they had six children. Leopold, born in Breslau, was the eldest.〔R. Emmerich, " Philo und die Synagoge - Dr. Leopold Treitel, der letzte Rabbiner von Laupheim ", p. 13〕 Leopold Treitel grew up in Beslau, and started to learn Hebrew at a very young age. He attended Elisabet-Gymnasium in Breslau. His father had wanted him to join his commercial enterprise. However, due to Leopold Treitel's affinity and aptitude for learning, the headmaster of his school advised his father to let Leopold Treitel remain at school after the ''Mittlere Reife'' (GCSE) since he thought that Leopold Treitel would be more suited to become a scholar rather than a businessman.〔''Hertha Nathorff Collection, 1813-1967'', "Gedenk-Blätter für Rabbiner Dr. Leopold Treitel", p. 3〕 After taking his ''Abitur'' (GCE Advanced Level), he enrolled at the University of Breslau to study Classical Philology, Philosophy and History〔R. Emmerich, " Philo und die Synagoge - Dr. Leopold Treitel, der letzte Rabbiner von Laupheim ", p. 13〕 whilst also attending the Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau.〔''Hertha Nathorff Collection, 1813-1967'', "Gedenk-Blätter für Rabbiner Dr. Leopold Treitel", p. 3〕 At the university and the seminary he studied under scholars such as Zacharias Frankel, one of the ideological fathers of present-day Conservative Judaism, Marcus Brann and Heinrich Graetz, the latter eventually supervising Treitel's PhD thesis on the language of Philo.〔R. Emmerich, "Die Rabbiner-Familie Treitel", p. 521〕 Treitel obtained his PhD from the University of Breslau in December 1870, but continued his studies at the Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau where, in 1876, he was ordained as a rabbi.〔R. Emmerich, " Philo und die Synagoge - Dr. Leopold Treitel, der letzte Rabbiner von Laupheim ", p. 13〕 Following his ordination, Treitel worked as a rabbi in Koschmin in the Prussian province of Posen from 1878 until 1881〔J. Hahn, ''Erinnerungen und Zeugnisse jüdischer Geschichte in Baden-Württemberg'', p. 590〕 when he moved to Briesen in the Prussian province of West Prussia to become rabbi there, a function he fulfilled until 1884. In May 1882, he married Rebecca Brann from Schneidemühl, whose brother Marcus had also been a student at Breslau Jewish Theological Seminary. Together they had three children.〔R. Emmerich, "Die Rabbiner-Familie Treitel", p. 521〕 In 1884, he became deputy town rabbi (''2. Stadtrabbiner'') in Karlsruhe in the Grand Duchy of Baden〔N. Hüttenmeister, ''Der jüdische Friedhof Laupheim'', p. 504〕 where he was also employed as teacher for religious education at state schools. He also functioned as director of the Jewish seminary for teacher training which was founded in 1886.〔R. Emmerich, "Rebecca Treitel in Laupheim - wohltätige Jüdin und Intellektuelle", p. 42f.〕 In 1895, Treitel moved to Laupheim to assume the office of District Rabbi in the small Upper Swabian town whose Jewish population at that time was about 500 strong,〔G. Schenk, "Die Juden in Laupheim", p. 215, 239, 292〕 having been the largest Jewish community in the Kingdom of Württemberg in the middle of the 19th century.〔P. Sauer, ''Die jüdischen Gemeinden in Württemberg und Hohenzollern'', p. 118〕 He was rabbi in Laupheim until retirement in 1922.〔G. Schenk (a), "Die Juden in Laupheim", p. 113f; W. Kohl, ''Die Geschichte der Judengemeinde in Laupheim'', p. 52; R. Emmerich, "Philo und die Synagoge", p. 13; A. Köhlerschmidt & K. Neildinger (Hrsg.), ''Die jüdische Gemeinde Laupheim und ihre Zerstörung'', p. 524; H. Säbel, "Hundert Jahre Synagoge Laupheim", p. 3, in: ''Hertha Nathorff Collection, 1813-1967''. Schenk dates Treitel's rabbinate from 1895 to 1925 whereas Kohl says that with the retirement of Treitel on 1 April 1923, the office of rabbi in Laupheim ceased to exist. This is confirmed by Emmerich who indicates that Treitel was rabbi for more than 28 years and retired in the year of the publication of his monograph on Philo of Alexandria in 1923. However, during a speech held in 1937 the last teacher of the Laupheim Jewish school, Heinz Säbel, dated the end of Treitel's rabbinate to 1922. Furthermore, in an obituary dated 20 March 1931 published in the ''C.V.-Zeitung'', the weekly newspaper of the ''Central-Vereins deutscher Staatsbürger jüdischen Glaubens'', upon the death of Treitel the dates for his rabbinate are given as 1985 to 1922.〕 No successor to Treitel as rabbi was appointed. As a consequence the office of district rabbi, established in 1832, ceased to exist on 1 April 1923.〔''A. Hoffmann, Schnittmengen und Scheidelinien: Juden und Christen in Oberschwaben'', p. 12〕 Leopold Treitel died on 4 March 1931 surrounded by his family, having suffered a stroke a few days earlier. He was interred at Laupheim Jewish Cemetery.〔R. Emmerich, "Philo und die Synagoge - Dr. Leopold Treitel, der letzte Rabbiner von Laupheim", p. 19〕 When his wife Rebecca died in 1936, she was buried alongside him, a first on the cemetery where men and women had usually been buried separately.〔R. Emmerich, "Die Rabbiner-Familie Treitel", p. 526〕〔R. Emmerich, " Philo und die Synagoge - Dr. Leopold Treitel, der letzte Rabbiner von Laupheim ", p. 19〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Leopold Treitel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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